Current as of December 18, 2025
Introduction
Electromagnetic Spectrum Operations (EMSO) are the backbone of modern military operations, enabling the Air Force to
dominate in air, space, and cyberspace. Imagine the electromagnetic spectrum (EMS) as an invisible highway where data,
signals, and communications travel. Just as traffic control ensures smooth and safe roadways, EMSO ensures that the Air
Force can operate seamlessly while denying adversaries the same advantage. From protecting aircraft from radar detection
to ensuring uninterrupted communication, EMSO is critical to mission success.
What is the Electromagnetic Spectrum?
The electromagnetic spectrum (EMS) encompasses all forms of electromagnetic radiation, from radio waves to gamma rays.
It is the foundation of modern technology, powering everyday tools like radios, Wi-Fi, and GPS. In military operations, the
EMS is vital for communication, navigation, and surveillance. For example, GPS relies on radio waves to provide precise
location data, while radar systems use the spectrum to detect and track objects.
Why EMSO is Critical to the Air Force
EMSO is essential for achieving mission success, protecting assets, and maintaining superiority across all domains. In
the air, EMSO ensures that aircraft can evade enemy radar and communicate securely. In space, it supports satellite
operations and global positioning systems. In cyberspace, EMSO protects networks from interference and cyber threats.
Without EMSO, the Air Force would face significant challenges in maintaining operational effectiveness and superiority.
Key Components of EMSO
Electromagnetic Warfare (EW): Offensive and defensive actions to control the EMS, such as jamming enemy
communications or protecting friendly systems from interference.
Spectrum Management: Coordinating and deconflicting the use of the EMS to ensure interference-free operations for all
spectrum-dependent systems.
How the Air Force Uses EMSO
The Air Force applies EMSO in various real-world scenarios:
• Protecting Aircraft: By using EW techniques, aircraft can avoid detection by enemy radar systems.
• Disrupting Enemy Communications: Jamming signals to prevent adversaries from coordinating their operations.
• Supporting Deployments: Ensuring that all spectrum-dependent systems, such as radios and satellite links, operate without
interference during exercises and missions.
For example, during a deployment, EMSO ensures communication systems remain operational, in contested environments.
The Role of Airmen in EMSO
Airmen, civilians, and recruits play a pivotal role in EMSO. They are responsible for planning, executing, and managing
spectrum operations. Training and innovation are critical, as Airmen must stay ahead of adversaries in this rapidly evolving
domain. Teamwork is essential, as EMSO requires coordination across multiple units and disciplines.
Looking Ahead: The Future of EMSO
As technology advances, the EMS will become even more congested and contested. The Air Force is committed to staying
at the forefront of EMS operations by developing innovative technologies and strategies. Future conflicts will likely be won or
lost in the EMS, making it imperative to maintain superiority. The Air Force is investing in spectrum-efficient technologies
and adaptive systems to ensure dominance in this critical domain.
Call to Action
EMSO is vital to the Air Force’s mission and the security of the nation. Whether you are an Airman, a civilian, or a recruit,
understanding and supporting EMSO is crucial. To learn more about EMSO and how you can contribute, contact the ACC
Electromagnetic Spectrum Operations Branch or visit the Air Force’s 350 Spectrum Warfare Wing (SWW) website https://
www.350sww.af.mil/.
Together, we can ensure the Air Force remains dominant in the electromagnetic spectrum.